Sociological analysis of ethnic and religious elements in Sistan and Baluchestan province: examining the influencing factors and consequences

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 PhD in Political Science from Shahid Beheshti University of Tehran - Strategic Researcher of Governmental and Military Institutions

2 Head of the Internal Security Department of the National Defense University.

3 PhD student in Political Science, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

Abstract

Sistan and Baluchestan province is one of the most important provinces in the country in terms of ethnic and religious issues. The various potential and actual capacities of this province and the numerous possibilities and opportunities available in it, at different levels of politics, society, culture, security, economy, etc., are important and noteworthy, which have created special requirements in this province. In order to manage ethnic and create opportunities from these ethnic and religious capabilities in the province, ethnic and religious backgrounds and their indicators must be well explained and recognized. This article attempts to explain the factors affecting ethnic and religious issues in this province by using integrated theoretical frameworks and utilizing three levels of sociological, political, and cultural studies analysis. The findings of this research indicate that the lack of comprehensive economic development, some signs of deprivation and discrimination, have damaged the process of trust and social capital, and this has directly and indirectly affected security issues in this province. Finally, the article, emphasizing the need to provide and pursue a comprehensive and multifaceted approach, offers suggestions for managing the opportunity of ethnic and religious diversity in this province. These suggestions include economic and social development, strengthening civil society institutions and local community participation, managing security and border issues, strengthening dialogue and interaction between ethnic groups, and cultural and identity policy-making. The aim of this article is to provide solutions to strengthen unity and peaceful coexistence in this province.

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